#International Affairs
Target:
United Nation
Region:
Macedonia, Republic of

Background of Greece-Macedonian dispute on the name issue

The Macedonia naming dispute refers to the disagreement over the use of the name Macedonia between Greece and the Republic of Macedonia. Greece opposes on 1991's constitutional name, after Macedonia declare a full independence from SFRY, though the name Macedonia was in official use as a constitutional name of the state since 02 August 1944. (Source: Wikipedia free encyclopaedia)

Background of existence of Modern Macedonian state and the name

Macedonia was a single geographic entity until the Balkan Wars of 1912-13. As a result of the Treaty of Bucharest, Macedonia was partitioned among Serbia, Greece, and Bulgaria. These regions are known as the Republic of Macedonia (organised state since 1944 and independent since 1991), Aegean Macedonia (occupied by Greece since 1913), Pirin of macedonia (occupied by Bulgaria since 1913). (Source: WWI, Military operation in Macedonia 1912-1917, War Museum – London)

The decision for re-construction of Yugoslavia on the federal principle. Decision of II Session of AVNOJ 29 November 1943 in Jajce.

2nd Paragraph To achieve the principle of sovereignty of the people of Yugoslavia, that Yugoslavia represents a true homeland of all its peoples, and never again to become hegemonic domain of any clique, Yugoslavia what we created and we will build on the federal principle, which will ensure full equality of: Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, Macedonians and Montenegrins, i.e. the people of Serbia, Croatian, Slovenian, Macedonia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina. (Source: Arhiv Jugoslavije)

Declaration (Manifesto) of ASNOM - 02 August 1944

ASNOM became and remained the biggest event of Macedonian struggle for national freedom and sovereignty. The most important decision at the First Session of ASNOM was the decision to proclaim ASNOM the supreme legislative and executive body representing the Macedonian people, and the pinnacle of state authority in Macedonia. It incorporated initial guidelines on constituting the Macedonian state, creating the "constitutional, legal document, upon the basis of which the Macedonian federal state is to be established and built." The decision also provided for constituting the people's administration,” the government of the Macedonian state, the functions of which were, for the time being, to be performed by the Presidium of ASNOM". Furthermore, in structuring executive authority, this document provided for the formation of "a required number of departments for the various branches of state administration" which were to perform the function of ministries until a government was established. This initial constitution for Macedonia was further supplemented by ASNOM with a definition of essential and guaranteed civil rights. The Declaration on Citizens' Rights stated that all citizens of Macedonia "are equal before the law, irrespective of their nationality, sex, race and religion." The Declaration also guaranteed the rights of ethnic minorities "to a free national life." The minorities are further mentioned in the ASNOM Manifesto, wherein the freedom and equality of all nationalities in Macedonia is proclaimed." (source: Mi-Am publishing)

The Constitution of Federal People’s Republic of Yugoslavia 31/01/1946

FEDERAL PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA
Article 1 Federal People’s Republic of Yugoslavia is a Republican form of Federal State, the community of equal peoples, those who on the basis of the right to self-determination, including the right to secede, expressed their willingness to live together in a federal state. Article 2 Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia consists of: People’s Republic of Serbia, People's Republic of Croatia, People's Republic of Slovenia, People's Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, People's Republic of Macedonia and People's Republic Montenegro. People's Republic of Serbia has in the composition of : Autonomous Province Vojvodina and the Autonomous region of Kosovo-Metohija . BASIC RIGHTS OF PEOPLES AND PEOPLES REPUBLICS
Article 9 The sovereignty of national republics within the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia is limited to only the rights that this Constitution has been transferred to Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia. Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia protect and defend the sovereign the right people's republics. Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia protecting the safety and social and political regulation of people's republics.
Article 10 Contrary to the Constitution, any act directed against the sovereignty, equality and national freedom of the people of the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia and its people's republics. Article 11 Each People's Republic has a Constitution. People's Republic brings its own Constitution. Constitution of the People's Republic of Republics reflects the characteristics and needs be in accordance with the Constitution FPRY. (Source: Arhiv Jugoslavije)
The first constitution of People Republic of Macedonia 31/12/1946

The first constitutional period of Macedonia in a formal sense began with the introduction of the Constitution of Popular Republic of Macedonia on the 31st December 1946. The first constitution of Macedonia was passed and proclaimed by the Constitutional Assembly of the Popular Republic of Macedonia, which, after having passed the Constitution, continued its work as a regular assembly. Apart from its constitutional and legal significance as the highest act of the country, this constitution also had a particular political importance, because it was a document through which the Macedonian state was constitutionally established, and therefore, generally recognized. The constitution of 1946 first set out the character of the state and the way in which it was to be administered. The People's Republic of Macedonia was established as a people's state in a republican form, in which the Macedonian people, expressing their free will, joined together with the other nations of Yugoslavia and their people's republics on the principle of equality to form a common federal state - the FPRY. This definition of the republic exclusively expressed its state legal element, which was necessary and justified during that period, in order to express its constituting as a state. In this definition, there are also elements of the principle of self-determination of the people, expressed in a voluntarily and freely expressed will to join together with the other nations of Yugoslavia. (source: CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA Dr. Cvetan Cvetkovski, Ass. Professor, Faculty of Law, Skopje)

International legal rights on sovereignty and own way of building the country

Charter of the United Nations
The Charter of the United Nations was signed on 26 June 1945, in San Francisco, at the conclusion of the United Nations Conference on International Organization, and came into force on 24 October 1945. The Statute of the International Court of Justice is an integral part of the Charter. PREAMBLE WE THE PEOPLES OF THE UNITED NATIONS DETERMINED to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, AND FOR THESE ENDS to practice tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours, and to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest, and to employ international machinery for the promotion of the economic and social advancement of all peoples, HAVE RESOLVED TO COMBINE OUR EFFORTS TO ACCOMPLISH THESE AIMS Accordingly, our respective Governments, through representatives assembled in the city of San Francisco, who have exhibited their full powers found to be in good and due form, have agreed to the present Charter of the United Nations and do hereby establish an international organization to be known as the United Nations.
Article 2 The Organization and its Members, in pursuit of the Purposes stated in Article 1, shall act in accordance with the following Principles. 1.The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members. 2.All Members, in order to ensure to all of them the rights and benefits resulting from membership, shall fulfill in good faith the obligations assumed by them in accordance with the present Charter. 3.All Members shall settle their international disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security, and justice, are not endangered. 4.All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations. 5.All Members shall give the United Nations every assistance in any action it takes in accordance with the present Charter, and shall refrain from giving assistance to any state against which the United Nations is taking preventive or enforcement action. 6.The Organization shall ensure that states which are not Members of the United Nations act in accordance with these Principles so far as may be necessary for the maintenance of international peace and security. 7.Nothing contained in the present Charter shall authorize the United Nations to intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state or shall require the Members to submit such matters to settlement under the present Charter; but this principle shall not prejudice the application of enforcement measures under Chapter Vll. Article 4 1.Membership in the United Nations is open to all other peace-loving states which accept the obligations contained in the present Charter and, in the judgment of the Organization, are able and willing to carry out these obligations. 2.The admission of any such state to membership in the United Nations will be effected by a decision of the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council.
Article 5 A Member of the United Nations against which preventive or enforcement action has been taken by the Security Council may be suspended from the exercise of the rights and privileges of membership by the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council. The exercise of these rights and privileges may be restored by the Security Council.
Article 6 A Member of the United Nations which has persistently violated the Principles contained in the present Charter may be expelled from the Organization by the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council. (Source: Secretary of the Publications Board United Nations)

Please support the real solution for Greece Macedonia dispute on the name issue.

Draft-Proposal of compromise between Greece and Macedonia dispute on the name issue.

The draft-proposal of the agreement is based on positive international legislation and international legal practice in disputed situations and utilization of compromise

1st The name Republic of Macedonia, or (simply just) Macedonia to be recognized by UN as official country’s name*, (the legal name in the Constitution of the RM) according to The Charter of the United Nations and UN Universal declaration.
2nd Macedonia or Republic of Macedonia* (or adequate translation into other languages with no references, attributes and adjectives) to be internationally Official country name and the name will be in use for bilateral and multilateral correspondence within all international organizations and all countries world wide, only with the exception of Greece* (in correspondence will be used an alternative name, which is described down in paragraph 4 in this agreement).
3rd All countries* (except Greece) and all international organizations to recognize the name of Macedonia as official name, with a note that on the multilateral international events, for multilateral correspondence, The organizer of the events have the right in the proclaimed official protocol to choose one between two names: the official or alternative name* (described in paragraph 4 in this agreement), without any pressure from the side.
4th The name North Republic of Macedonia - as non-official name, represents non-obligated and optional alternative name in use by official correspondence with Greece and for multilateral international correspondence*,(noted that it would not be binding on any country or international organisation world wide), but all countries and international organizations, the organizer of multilaterals’ event is free to decide which name will be used on that particular event. each country world wide has an exclusive right to refer and call Republic of Macedonia* (official name), or North Republic of Macedonia* (alternative name), by one of these two names in the multilateral event, bearing in mind the presence of the Greek side. Any kind of pressure from the side is not acceptable and all countries and organizations are not allowed to make a pressure about the name which is not legal and illegitimate according this agreement.
5th Republic of Macedonia* (official name), or North Republic of Macedonia * (alternative name), to adopt the constitutional law through a parliamentary ratification of the agreement, which does not mean changing the constitution of RM, which is for domestic use.
6th On the front cover page of Macedonian Passport to stand the names: Makedonija and Macedonia (English translation), then on the first page inside the passport the names: Makedonija, Macedonia (English Translation) and North Republic of Macedonia (only English translation) with a note under the name: alternative name for Multilateral correspondence).
7th Macedonian nation, (named as Macedonian people, Macedonians) - represent the national identity (defined in the old Yugoslav General encyclopaedia. quote: Ethno genesis of Macedonians originating by mixing of Slavs tribes (listed) and ancient Macedonian tribes (listed) who populated the whole geographical region of Macedonia and part of Thrace) of majority people by origin and all population by citizenship who living in the Republic of Macedonia (official name), or North Republic of Macedonia (alternative name), then part of the Macedonian people as a national minority in Albania, Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, citizens in Western European countries, USA, Canada and Australia as emigrants from Macedonia, by origin .
8th Macedonian language and cultural heritage - That is the Official language in the Republic of Macedonia *(official name), and North Republic of Macedonia* (alternative name) spoken by 2.5 million people in the Republic of Macedonia* (official name), and North Republic of Macedonia* (alternative name) and 3 million people outside the country, in Albania, Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, West European countries, USA, Canada and Australia. Cultural heritage represent everything which belong to Macedonian people, Macedonian state and has a title Macedonian or Macedonia, does not matter of different political or social background.
9th Macedonian history and the past periods - History of Macedonia* (all geographical and Historical region) and Macedonian people* (nation) covers: all historical periods associated with the historical development and creation of the Macedonian state and nation, which includes: 1. History of the Macedonian people and ethnic communities living in the Republic of Macedonia* (official name), or North Republic of Macedonia* (alternative name), the Macedonian ethnic minority living in Albania, Serbia, Bulgaria and Greece, - then their struggle for national and social freedom. 2. Historical past associated with the geographical and historic territory of Macedonia* (Republic of Macedonia (officially name), or North Republic of Macedonia* (alternative name), nowadays as part of: Province of Macedonia or Aegean Macedonia in northern Greece, Blagoevgrad’s district or Pirin part of Macedonia in today western Bulgaria, Mala Prespa and Golo Brdo in Albania and Gora in Kosovo, from prehistoric time, antiquity until medieval time, then Ottoman time, as well as universal historical past which belong to all people in the Balkans and Europe, and the history of the Balkans and European civilizations.
10th Religion and Church Majority of Macedonians are Christians and the greater part of them are Orthodox, but there are some of those who are Muslims. The Macedonian Orthodox Church - Ochrid’s Archdiocese represents The Orthodox Church in Republic of Macedonia* (official name), or North Republic of Macedonia* (alternative name), which continues very long tradition of Christianity presented in Medieval Ochrid’s Archdiocese. Macedonian Orthodox Church - Archdiocese of Ochrid is a autonomic and independent church and has the same right in Orthodox Church Unity like all other Orthodox sister’s churches in Europe and in the world, united in the Orthodox Holy Orthodox faith. 11th Agreement signed by: Republic of Macedonia* (official name), or North Republic of Macedonia* (alternative name) and Greece.
12th Verified by, and witnesses of the agreement: (to be invited) United States, Russia, China, India, EU, Canada, Australia, Turkey‘, Serbia, Albania and Bulgaria.

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The Support a real Solution for Greece Macedonia dispute re the name issue petition to United Nation was written by Steve Mark and is in the category International Affairs at GoPetition.